Dear Fellow Provo Residents:

The contents of this booklet serve as a reference guide to minimize and to prevent the social disturbance associated with criminal and natural disasters. By incorporating the principles outlined herein, we will collectively reduce and even forestall unnecessary damage.

The opportunity to prepare is immediate. Our deliberate reparation will allow each community member to successfully protect each other from such crisis.

In an emergency, city personnel may be unable to meet the needs of individuals and families. Therefore, emergency preparedness is everyone's responsibility.

Become familiar with this booklet and act on these guidelines. When heeded, the information and advice in this booklet will give us greater confidence, security and peace of  mind.  Wisdom declares that "if we are prepared, we shall not fear."

Sincerely,

Craig Geslison
Chief of Police

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EMERGENCY PHONE NUMBERS

PUBLIC UTILITIES

OTHER IMPORTANT NUMBERS

Remember, telephone lines will probably not be working after a natural disaster. Use CB's and hand operator radios.

PROVO CITY RESPONSE IN AN EMERGENCY

Objectives

Government responsibility in time of disaster is the same as in normal times: the protection of life and property and the continuation of essential public services. Emergency Preparedness is no accident. Cities, like individuals, must plan in advance for emergencies that threaten widespread harm to residents and disruption of City services. An Emergency Management Plan is required for each local government in Utah. The purpose of the plan is to provide legal framework for the management of emergencies. This emergency plan defines the critical roles and responsibilities that must be performed to enable essential City services to continue and to allow City officials to ensure that critical functions will be carried out as quickly and as thoroughly as possible. Provo City’s emergency organization will strive to meet the following objectives:

• Plan for continuity of government
• Provide a basis for the direction and control of emergency operations
• Save lives and protect property
• Repair and restore essential systems and services
• Provide for the protection, use and distribution of remaining resources
• Coordinate operations with the emergency services of other jurisdictions.

Support

Provo’s emergency organization will support and be supported by the following emergency organizations:

• Civil Government
  • Other cities within Utah County and other cities outside of Utah County
  • Utah County
  • State of Utah
  • Federal agencies
• Business and Industry
• Military Support
• American Red Cross

Provo City's emergency plan is an "all threat" plan, so it is not specific to any one type of emergency but prepares Provo City for any event that threatens its well being. This could include anything from natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods to technological threats, as well as other hazards such as airline crashes, fires or hazardous materials spills. Provo City will respond to any event that threatens widespread harm to residents or disruption of City services.

During an emergency, responding City Departments (such as Fire, Police and Public Works) will be receiving requests for service, setting priorities according to most critical needs and then responding accordingly. For that reason, residents should realize that they might be unable to receive the routine services that they would expect under normal conditions. Because emergency assistance may be delayed during a crisis, the City encourages all residents to be prepared to be self-reliant for up to 72 hours following a major emergency.

Emergency Organization

Direction and control of the emergency organization during a disaster will be the responsibility of the Provo City Administration, which includes the following personnel:

• Mayor
• Chief Administrative Officer (CAO)
• Department Directors as designated
• Emergency Management Coordinator
• Other staff/assistants as designated

Emergency Operations Center (EOC)

Provo’s EOC is in the City Center. During emergencies, key officials will use the EOC to do the following:

• Keep informed of the extent and severity of the emergency.
• Carry out joint emergency planning for all city departments.
• Coordinate tactics and communications among all city departments.
• Make necessary decisions and direct appropriate tasks to all pertinent city departments.
• Coordinate and verify Public Information releases.

The EOC has both telephonic and radio communications equipment.  EOC personnel have access to city radio channels from the EOC. 

The Provo City Emergency Management Office maintains and updates the City's Emergency Management Plan regularly. You may direct questions about the plan to the Emergency Management Coordinator at Provo City Police, P.O. Box 1849, Provo, UT 84603, or by calling 852-6310 during city business hours.

EMERGENCY  ALERT SYSTEM

• KBYU is the emergency communication station in the Provo/Utah County area. Turn to this station for information and instructions during an emergency. KBYU broadcasts on  89.1 FM and 89.5 FM, depending on coverage area.
   
•  Some areas are not covered by the 89.1 FM translator, so 89.5 FM is also used.  KSL 1160 AM is the state wide communications source for Emergency Alert System, and will broadcast messages on a statewide basis.
   
• Notification of an evacuation will begin with activation of the Emergency Alert System and repeated announcements on all radio and television stations. The Emergency Alert System is available nation wide, and is used to alert citizens at the local level of impending emergency situations. It can be activated by Provo City, Utah County, the State of Utah, or the National Weather Service.
   
• Depending on the emergency and if time permits, fire and police personnel will travel streets with their vehicle sirens activated and give public address announcements.
   
• If a notification to evacuate comes, DO NOT DELAY.  Do not try to take unnecessary items. Take only your 72 hour kit, if you can get to it quickly and without endangering your safety. Remember that material items can be replaced; your life cannot.
        
• In the event of flooding, three stationary early warning sirens in the Riverbottoms will be activated by the Provo 911 Communications Center. The sirens will first emit an alert siren for about ten seconds, followed by a verbal message stating the existence of an emergency and the immediate instructions to be followed.
   
• Provo City tests the emergency sirens in the Riverbottom area at the City Center annually, on election day. The annual test lasts less than 15 minutes.
   

EMERGENCY PLANNING

EMERGENCY PLANNING

If you're involved in a disaster, it is important to remain calm so that you will be able to put your disaster plan into action.  Planning for an emergency in advance can minimize fear and stress. The following activities can help you and your family prepare for an emergency.

Create a Plan

• Meet with your family to discuss possible emergencies and how you will respond.
   
• Draw a floor plan of your home and mark two escape routes from each room.
   
• Post emergency telephone numbers near telephones.
   
• Conduct a home hazard hunt and look for items that may cause injury or damage. Remove fire hazards, install smoke detectors, and learn how to use your fire extinguisher.
   
• Plan how to take care of your pets.  They will not be permitted in a public shelter.
   
• Learn how to turn off water, gas and electricity main switches (adults only).
   
• Check if you have adequate insurance coverage. Renter’s insurance is available.

Practice

• Practice drills for each potential emergency, physically going through the movements. Review escape routes at home, school, and work.
   
• Practice turning off the water, gas and electricity at main switches. The lines need to be turned back on by a professional, which may take a while.

Plan to Reunite After an Emergency

• Choose one local and one out of state relative or friend for family members to call if separated by an emergency. All family members should know who the contacts are, their phone numbers and how to call them. These contacts can help family members know where the others are and how to reach them.
   
• Choose two meeting places to reunite after an emergency. One should be near your home and the other should be outside your neighborhood in case you cannot return home after the emergency.

Keep a smaller Disaster Supplies Kit in the trunk of each car. If you become stranded or are not able to return home, having some items will help you to be more comfortable until help arrives.

Keep items in airtight plastic bags. This will help protect them from damage or spoiling.

Replace stored food and water every six months. Replacing your food and water supplies will help ensure their freshness.

Rethink your kit and family needs at least once a year. Replace batteries, update clothes, etc.

Ask your physician or pharmacist about storing prescription medications. It may be difficult to obtain prescription medications during a disaster because stores may be closed or supplies may be limited

This list of suggestions should be personalized to your family’s needs: It is best to start with items you may have on hand, and add gradually to your family kit.

• Sterile adhesive bandages in assorted sizes
• 2 inch sterile gauze pads (4-6)
• 4 inch sterile gauze pads (4-6)
• Hypo-allergenic adhesive tape
• 40" triangular bandages (3)
• 2 inch sterile roller bandages (3 rolls)          
• 3 inch sterile roller bandages (3 rolls)
• Scissors and tweezers
• Epi pen (if allergic to bee stings)
• Sewing needles
• Moistened towlettes
• Antiseptic soap
• Antiseptic solution - Iodine compounds
• Antibacterial cream, such as Neosporin
• Thermometer
• Tongue blades (2)
• Tube of petroleum jelly or lubricant
• Safety pins in assorted sizes
• Cleansing agent/soap
• Latex gloves (2 pairs)
• Sun screen
• Insect repellant
• Caladryl

Nonprescription medications

• Aspirin or other pain reliever
• Anti - diarrhea medication
• Antacid (upset stomach)
• Benadryl (allergic reactions)
• Laxative
• Syrup of Ipecac (use only if advised by Poison Control Center)
• Personal items
• First Aid Manual
   

Water: Provo Water Department recommends a minimum of three gallons per person per day for three days.  Provo City water does not require the addition of bleach for storage, but any stored water should be replaced annually.  It is a good idea to have Bleach available to use for purifying water sources other than stored water. Water may be disinfected, or purified,  by boiling for a minimum of 10 minutes and chlorinated with 8 drops of bleach for each gallon.

Food: Minimal—preferably no cook, lightweight, palatable; manual can opener, cooking and eating utensils, pots, plates, cups, utility knife; sugar, salt, pepper; aluminum foil; plastic resealable bags.

First Aid: Personal medications for three (3) days, First Aid Kit

Clothing:  One change, extra shoes, rain and winter gear, leather gloves

Bedding: Sleeping bags and/or blankets for each family member, tarp

Personal: Toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo, lotion, chapstick, comb, brush, deodorant

Sanitation: Airtight bucket or portable toilet, toilet paper, newspaper, soap, hand sanitizer, towel and towelettes; disinfectant, bleach, liquid detergent; feminine supplies; heavy-duty plastic garbage bags and ties.

Shelter: Tent or tarp, rope 1/4" x 36'

Fuel: For cooking, light, and heat

Tools: Pocket knife, small manual tools, axe, pointed shovel, needles and thread; pliers, shutoff wrench, tape; medicine dropper; plastic sheeting; small canister, ABC type fire extinguisher; compass.

Light: Flashlights, batteries, candles, waterproof matches, optional kerosene lantern

Communication: Radio, batteries, one whistle per person

Papers and Keys: Wills, testaments, securities, stocks, titles, certificates, insurance, current family pictures, personal I.D. cards and tags, house appraisal and photos, inventory of household items, pencil and paper, maps of area, phone list of places you could go, address book, emergency manual, books, extra house and car keys, consent forms to treat minor children (available at police dept.)

Money: Cash, quarters for phone, charge cards

Special needs, for example: diapers or formula, prescription medicines and copies of prescriptions, hearing aid batteries, spare wheelchair battery, spare eyeglasses, or other physical needs.  Entertainment, such as games and books.

Store the items you will most likely need during an evacuation in an easy To carry container. Possible containers include a large trash container, bucket, camping backpack, or duffle bag. Keep your 72 hour kit in a cool, dark and dry location. Make sure everyone in the house knows where it is kept.  Children over the age of 8 may enjoy participating by preparing their own personal backpack of emergency supplies. Children could store this under their beds, or with the family supplies.

If activity is reduced, healthy people can survive on half their usual food intake for an extended period of time. Unlike water, food can be rationed, except to children and pregnant women. Remember to store food your family will eat.

Store at least a three day supply of nonperishable food in a dry place where the temperature is not above 70 degrees Fahrenheit and not below freezing. Store food in tightly closed cans or metal containers so the food stays as fresh as possible and animals cannot eat it.

Select foods that require no refrigeration, preparation, cooking, and little or no water. If you must heat your food, pack a can of Sterno. Select food items high in calories and nutrition, which are also compact and lightweight. Consider the special needs of those in your household, such as infants or those on special diets, and include appropriate food items.

Remember to label food items with content and date. Use stored foods before they go bad and replace them with fresh supplies. Keep your kit(s) in working order by changing the food and water every six months and replacing batteries as necessary.

Suggested food items include the following:

   Ready-to-eat canned meats, soups, fruits and vegetables
   Canned juices and canned milk  
   Staples—wheat, corn, beans, sugar, and salt
   Vitamins
   High energy foods-peanut butter, jelly, granola bars, trail mix, 
   crackers   
   Comfort/Stress foods—cookies, hard candy, sweetened cereal,
   lollipops

WATER STORAGE

Provo City Water Department recommends storing three to five gallons of water per day for each person in your household, and having a two week supply of water for each household member. People in hot environments, extremely physically active people, nursing mothers, children and ill people will need more water.

The average person needs to drink at least eight glasses of water each day; however, four glasses a day is OK for a short period. Water is also necessary for food preparation and sanitation. However, towlettes, hand sanitizer, wash rags and alcohol can be used for sanitation, enabling more water for drinking.

Store water in thoroughly washed plastic containers. Soft drink bottles work well. Avoid using containers that will decompose or break, such as milk cartons or glass bottles. Store out of direct sunlight to avoid the formation of algae. Use rope to join your water containers in case you are displaced from your home in an emergency. The rope allows you to carry the bottles over your shoulder. Keep your water supply away from sun, heat, gasoline and pesticides.

In the event of an emergency, you can also utilize alternative water sources, such as the hot water tank, the water in your pipes and the water in the reservoir tank of your toilet (not the bowl.)

To purify water, boil (with a rolling boil) it for a minimum of ten minutes and chlorinate it by adding two drops of bleach per quart of water (8 drops per gallon) or use purification tablets, such as iodine or halazone. Stored water that has been rotated annually should not have to be purified.

Provo City water may be stored without the addition of bleach, but should be rotated annually.  Bleach should be available to use for disinfecting water sources other than stored water.   

FUEL STORAGE

Fuel can be extremely dangerous, and should never be stored in a home. A good rule of thumb is to never store fuel in a building you could not afford to have burn down. Specific regulations on fuel storage vary by type of fuel, but here are some good general guidelines:

• Never store in improper containers, like glass bottles or old milk jugs. Use only containers listed by agencies such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL) or the Department of Transportation (DOT).
• Never smoke in a fuel storage area, or while transferring fuel from one container to another.
• Always store fuel away from sources of heat, flames or sparks. Avoid areas where furnaces, water heaters or other appliances are installed, or where vapors could collect and reach a source of ignition.
• Portable heaters must be listed (with UL or DOT) and have a maximum fuel capacity of two (2) gallons.  Carefully follow the manufacture’s directions for use.
• Never refuel heaters or appliances inside your home, garage or any other building.
• Always have a 2A-10BC rated fire extinguisher at minimum of ten (10) feet and a maximum of fifty (50) feet away from stored fuel.
• Always maintain adequate ventilation when dealing with or using fuels, to prevent buildup of deadly carbon monoxide gasses.
• Using LP gasses on appliances designed for other fuel sources will result in incomplete combustion, resulting in an accumulation of dangerous levels of carbon monoxide and the pooling of unburned propane fuel.
• It is recommended that you store no more than a maximum of five (5) gallons of flammable liquids (gasoline, Coleman fuel) or combustible liquids (kerosene, diesel fuel, charcoal lighter, lamp oil) or twenty five (25) gallons of LP gasses (propane or butane) in an attached shed or garage. The safest place to store gasoline is in the fuel tank of your vehicle. Keep the tank between half and full to always have a reserve of rotated fuel.
   

People with disabilities should take extra precautions when preparing for a disaster.  One of the most important things you can do is have a buddy, someone who can help you evacuate and take care of you. During an emergency, your usual care giver may not be able to help you.  Make sure your buddy knows how to operate any medical equipment you use.

Extra supplies people with disabilities and special needs may require are:

• Prescription medications, and a copy of the prescription
• Prosthetic devices
• Extra eye glasses, a record of the prescription
• Hearing aids, batteries
• Emergency medical instructions
• Extra pillows, bedding
• Backup power supplies or generators for heat or air-conditioning
• Extra wheelchair batteries
• Extra oxygen
• List of style and serial numbers of medical devices
• Medical insurance and Medicare cards
• Age appropriate supplies, such as diapers or formula

Children experience trauma and fear during a natural disaster. If they know what to do because they have practiced family disaster drills, they will likely be more calm. When parents are calm, children calm down more quickly.

Before a disaster, parents can prepare children.

• Develop and practice a Family Disaster Plan
• Teach children how to recognize danger signals
• Explain how to call for help (9-1-1)
• Help children memorize important family information
• Include children's toys and special foods in 72 hour kit

• Keep the family together, do not leave children with relatives or friends—take your children with you
• Calmly and firmly explain the situation and your plans
• Talk to your children at eye level
• Encourage children to talk about the disaster and ask questions
• Include children in recovery activities by giving them chores that will help them feel they are helping things get back to normal.
• Reassure children with firmness and love.  Sympathize with and resolve their anxieties. Hold your children and spend more time with them

You need to have an emergency plan and kit for your pets. Red Cross shelters cannot accept pets because of state health and safety regulations. Only service animals are allowed in the shelters. Safe places to keep your pets are the following:

• Hotels and motels outside of your immediate area that accept pets 
• Homes of friends and relatives outside of the area
• Boarding facilities and veterinarians 
• Local animal shelters (last resort)

Call ahead of time to confirm which places will be able to shelter your pets. Keep 24 hour phone numbers with the disaster supply kit for your pet.

Include these items in the disaster supply kit:

• Medications, medical records and photos in something waterproof
• Pet first aid kit with first aid manual
• Carriers and/or sturdy leashes or harnesses
• Food, can opener, potable water and bowls
• Cat litter pan, scoop and plastic bags for waste disposal
• Information on feeding schedules, medical needs, behavior problems, name and number of veterinarian

If you receive warning of an impending disaster, you can:

• Call ahead to confirm shelter for you and your pets
• Have your pets' disaster supplies ready and near
• Bring all pets into the house where you can find them
• Identification tags for all pets with the phone number/address of your temporary shelter

  Remember to evacuate your pets when you leave!

AVALANCHES

Before Avalanche

• Check with maps and local authorities to find out the possibility of an avalanche and emergency evacuation routes.
• Stay away from open, steep slopes, chutes and valleys where avalanches normally run.
• Change your path if the snow cracks underneath your step and the crack enlarges.

During Avalanche

• Stay calm and move quickly.
• Get out of the avalanche's path by hooking on to tree trunks or shrubs.
• If you get caught in an avalanche.
  • Get rid of your equipment quickly.
  • Use a backstroke swimming action to remain on the surface.
  • Get into a half sitting position on your back, facing downhill with your legs together and your knees bent.             
  • Fight the avalanche all the way down.  Keep your mouth shut to keep snow out of your lungs.

After Avalanche

• Make breathing room around your face.
• Do not panic.
• If you see another person buried by an avalanche
  • Mark the place where you last saw the victim.
  • If you are the only survivor, search by probing the avalanche with a pole or stick. Do not leave the victim unless help is a very short distance away.
  • If more than one person survives the avalanche, one should go for help while others search for the victim.   

EARTHQUAKES

Before an Earthquake

• Store water and food supply. Organize a 72 hour portable emergency kit.
• Bolt down or provide strong support for appliances and water heater.
• Consider earthquake insurance. Take a first aid class.
• Identify safest place in each room, remember clear hallways are typically safe. Kitchens and garages tend to be more hazardous, with many stored items that can fall from shelves.

During an Earthquake

• STAY CALM. Duck or drop down to the floor. Cover under a sturdy desk, table, or other  furniture.  Hold on to furniture and be prepared to move with it if necessary.
• Inside: Stay inside, crouch under a desk or table and hold on, away from windows or glass dividers; avoid brick walls and chimneys. You may also cover against interior walls, protecting head and neck with arms.
• Outside: Stand away from buildings, trees, telephone and electric lines.
• On the Road: Drive away from under-passes/over-passes; stop in a safe area; stay in vehicle.
• In an Office Building: Stay next to a pillar or column, or under a heavy table or desk. Hold on.

After an Earthquake

• Wear sturdy shoes and leather gloves.  This is for your personal safety.
• Check for injuries. Provide first aid. Assess self first, then those in closest proximity to you next.
• Check for fires; gas, water, sewage breaks; downed electric lines; building damage and potential problems during after shocks, such as cracks around fireplace and foundation. Turn off interrupted utilities as necessary.        
• Clean up dangerous spills.
• Tune radio to an emergency station and listen for instructions from public safety agencies. KSL 1160 AM and KBYU (89.1 FM  and 89.5 FM) and are the primary and secondary Emergency Alert Stations.
• Use the telephone only for emergencies.
• As soon as possible, notify family that you are safe.
• Do not use matches or open flames until you are sure there are no gas leaks.
• Don't turn light switches off and on. Sparks created by the switch contacts can ignite gas fumes.
• In public buildings, follow evacuation procedures immediately and return only after the building has been declared safe by the appropriate authorities.

Tips

• Know how, where and when to turn off electricity, gas and water.
• Do not place mirrors or glass frames above beds.        
• Secure shelves and furniture that could fall over.
• Plan and practice a family drill at least once a year.

Some additional Earthquake Safety tips for specific locations:

Duck, Cover, and Hold Tips

1. If you're in a HIGHRISE BUILDING, and you are not near a desk or table, move against an interior wall, and protect your head with your arms. Do not use the elevators. Do not be surprised if the fire alarm or sprinkler systems come on.

2. If you're OUTDOORS, move to a clear area, away from trees, signs, buildings, or downed electrical wires and poles.

3. If you're on a SIDEWALK NEAR BUILDINGS, duck into a doorway to protect yourself from falling bricks, glass, plaster, and other debris.

4. If you're DRIVING, pull over to the side of the road and stop. Avoid overpasses, power lines, and other hazards. Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over.

5. If you're in a CROWDED STORE OR OTHER PUBLIC PLACE, do not rush for exits. Move away from display shelves containing objects that could fall.

6. If you're in a WHEELCHAIR, stay in it. Move to cover, if possible, lock your wheels, and protect your head with your arms.

7. If you're in the KITCHEN, move away from the refrigerator, stove, and overhead cupboards. [Anchor appliances and install security latches on cupboard doors to reduce hazards NOW.]

8. If you're in a STADIUM OR THEATER, stay in your seat and protect your head with your arms. Do not try to leave until the shaking is over. Then leave in a calm, orderly manner.

AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE, BE PREPARED FOR AFTERSHOCKS, AND PLAN WHERE YOU WILL TAKE COVER WHEN THEY OCCUR.

GAS LEAKS

Emergency Control of Gas

• Wear heavy shoes in all areas near broken glass or debris. Keep your head and face protected from falling debris.  This is for your personal safety.
• Check house piping, appliances and vents for damage.        
• Check for fires or fire hazards.
• Do not use matches, lighters or other open flames.
• Do not operate electrical switches, appliances or battery operated devices if you suspect natural gas leaks. This could create sparks that could ignite gas from broken lines.
• If gas line breakage is suspected, shut off the gas at the meter.         
• Wear heavy shoes in all areas near broken glass or debris. deep your head and face protected from falling debris.
• Turn on a battery operated radio if no gas leaks are found or a car radio to receive disaster instructions. KSL 1160 AM and KBYU (89.1 FM and 89.5 FM) are the primary/secondary stations for information.
• Do not use your telephone except in extreme emergency situations

Before a Fire

• Make sure home is free of unnecessary combustible materials.
• Do not store flammable liquids inside the home.
• Do not run wires under carpets or rugs.
• Do not store matches or cigarette lighters where children can get them.
• Do not leave cooking unattended.
• If you smoke, do not smoke in bed or in other positions where you may doze. Also, have many large ashtrays in the home.
• Know avenues of escape. Always have two ways out of every room.
• HAVE A PLACE TO MEET so no one tries to go back into a burning building to look for someone needlessly.
• Have fire extinguishers near the kitchen and the garage.
• Have escape ladders for all windows higher than eight feet off the ground.
• Install a smoke detector in every bedroom, in every hallway outside of a bedroom, and at least one on every level of the house. Test the smoke detectors monthly. Change the batteries in the smoke detectors in the fall when you change your clocks
• Plan and practice a family fire drill on the first of each month. A good plan will have a place to meet, two ways out of every room, and escape ladders.

During a Fire

• If you are outside, STAY OUTSIDE. Do not return for anything. Do not reenter the building until appropriate authorities have given permission.
• If you are inside, GET OUT. Go to the nearest house or building and call Provo Fire Department by dialing 911. Report the address and type of fire. Listen to and follow instructions. Go to family meeting place.
• If you are inside and have time, make sure everyone is out.
• If you are in a closed room or office, do not open the door without first feeling it or the door knob. If it is warm or hot, do not open it, but unlock it to help rescue or fire personnel.
• If there is smoke, get under the smoke, no matter how low it is, and get out of the building.
• If you cannot use the door or other means of escape to exit and if there is smoke, use clothes, sheets, etc. to stop the smoke from coming in. Go to the window and yell or blow a whistle.
• If you are at home and there is a window, stay close to the floor and exit through the window, using the escape ladder if necessary.
• If you catch on fire, do not run. STOP where you are. DROP to the ground and cover your face. ROLL over and over to smother the flames.
• If you see someone on fire, use a coat or blanket, etc., but not your bare hands, to smother the flames.
• Watch to see that nobody goes back inside to rescue anything or anyone.
• Turn off the gas and electricity, if possible, from outside of the house.
• In a public building, know two ways out. If you hear a fire alarm, immediately exit the building regardless of what you are doing. Follow the established evacuation instructions.

Before the Storm

1. Arrange for emergency heat supply in case of power failure.
2. Prepare auto, battery powered equipment, food, heating fuel and other supplies.
3. Prepare a winter survival kit. Include the following items in your car kit: blankets or sleeping bags, flares, high energy foods (candy, nuts, raisins), first aid kit, flashlights, extra clothing, knives, compass, candles and matches, maps, jumper cable, tow chain, shovel, windshield scraper, sack of sand, and paper and pen to leave a note in case you evacuate your car. 
4. Your car will help you keep warm, visible and alive if you get trapped in a winter storm. A lighted candle will help keep you from freezing, but remember to have a window open slightly for ventilation.
5. Keep car fuel tank above half full.   

During and After the Storm

• Dress warmly. Wear multiple layers of protective, loose fitting clothing, scarves, mittens and hoods. Cover your mouth and nose to protect lungs from extremely cold air.
• Avoid travel. If you get stranded, stay in your vehicle and keep it ventilated. Bundle up, light a candle for warmth, occasionally change positions and DON'T PANIC.
• Avoid overexertion. Heart attacks are a major cause of death during and after winter storms. Shoveling snow or freeing stuck vehicles can be extremely hard work. Don't overdo it!
• Beware of the chill factor if winds are present. Keep dry. Change wet clothing frequently to prevent a loss of body heat.
• Be prepared for isolation at home. Make sure you can survive for a week or two in case a storm isolates you and makes it impossible for you to leave.

               If a warning is issued, the storm is imminent.
                       Know winter words of warning.

• WATCH: A winter storm is approaching.
• FLURRIES: Intermittent snowfall that may reduce visibility.
• SLEET: Small particles of ice, usually mixed with rain. If enough sleet accumulates on the ground, it will make the roads slippery .
• HEAVY SNOW: Four or more inches are expected within a 12 hour period.
• FREEZING RAIN OR FREEZING DRIZZLE: Expected rain is likely to freeze as soon as it strikes the ground, putting a coating of ice or glaze on roads and everything else that is exposed. If a substantial layer of ice is expected to accumulate from the freezing rain, an ICE STORM is forecast.
• BLIZZARD: